The past is always present in Matsuyama. While surrounded by a modern, pulsating city, reminders of its medieval origins stand as testaments to its rich history. Spend the day exploring its roots beginning with a visit to Matsuyama Castle. Located atop 433-foot-tall Mt. Katsuyama, the 17th century castle was once the power seat for the Matsudaira Clan, who ruled this area during the Edo period. Enclosed by four gates and stone walls, the donjon is an Important Cultural Property. After arriving by cable car, you'll need to take off your shoes before stepping inside and viewing displays of swords, armor and other items that belonged to the Matsudaira family. Matsuyama's Buddhist history is on full display at Ishiteji Temple, a sprawling compound whose treasure house holds some of the temple's most important artifacts. Following lunch at a local restaurant , you'll visit Dogo Onsen, the oldest hot-springs resort in Japan.